Gas-separator apparatus



June 2, 19251 1,539,968

c. F. w. TABLER GAS SEPARATOR APPARATUS Filed March 26, 1924 2 Sheeis-Sheet 1 si il t i A,"

@a @@@l-f--w WITNESSES INVENTOR 5MM( ATTORNEYS June 2, 1925.

C. F. W. TABLER GAS SEPARATOR APFARATUS Filed March 26, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 W I TNESSES A TTORNE YS Patented `lune 2, 1925.

UNITED STATES CHARLES F. W. TABLER, 0,? TAMPICO, MEXICO.

GA'S-SEPARATOR APPARATUS.

Application led March 26, 1924.

To ZZ whom it may concern:

lie it knoivn that l, @nannies l?. lV. Taniiinii ka citizen ot' the llnited States, and a resident of Ianipico, Mexico, have invented certain new and useful linproveinents in tlas-t'ieparator Apparatus, ot which the 'tolloivingr is a specitication.V

This invention relates to an apparatus for separating` fluids oi a high specific gravity Ytroni fluids ot a low specific `gravity when said fluids are mechanically niiXed and which are ordinarily diltieult ot separation.

an object ot the invention is the provision ot a device tor effecting' the separation of gasoline 'from very lean gases Which-may he either taken troni the still, casing` heads ot oil wells or the natural gases and in which the con'ilrined elfect ot centrifugal separators :ino a refrigeration cooperate to completely separate the fluids and impurities.

.fr tin-ther ohject olE the invention is the iiirovisioii ot a device in 'which the separated gasoline is maintained under pri sure and then expanded in a drinn embracing' conduits through which the concentrated gases under ti-eatiiient and vapors are passed for chilling and condensing; the rich vapors in the gas.

l still .further object oi the invention isy the provision of a device ior maintaining;`

lean `ases under sufficient 'pressure to cause condensation ol the gasoline vaporsand 1n' which the aste gases under kpressure are permitted to expand inthe refrigerating.

chambers associated ivith the Vconduit through ivhich the oil laden gases are passed under pressure.

'trein a consideration oit the following detailed description, in vie\v ot t ie accompanying' drawing forming' a part ot the specification; nevertheless it is to be understood that the invention is not confined to the disclosurer being' susceptible of such cln'inges and modifications which shall define no inaterial departure troni the salient features ot the invention as expressed in the appended claiins.

ln the drawings:

Figure 1 discloses niore or less diagramniatically an apparatus for separating' fluids o" liiirli specific gravity from Vfluids o1 lower specilic gravity.

Figure 2 is a nioditied forni ot centrifugal separator partly in section adapted to he einrelation tothe druni This invention will he liest understood;A

Serial No. 792,116.

ployed Afor the splitting up of rich coinpound still vapors into vapors Whose respective liquids respond to the commercial classi- :'ication tor instance7 gas oilnaphtha, gasoline, etc.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section oi' a separator taken along; the. line 3m?) of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a view in elevation of another forni of separator partly in section adapted to he employed in treating` Waste gases from plants already in existence, such as stills, natural `gas plants, or casing heads of oil wells.

Referring' more particularly to the drawings7 1 designates a vertical drinn in which is placed a spiral 2 supported at its center byv a rod 3 andhas its peripherally curved edge in close contact or secured to the inner wall ot' the drinn 1. An inlet pipe d is adapted to ne connected to a pipe line frein the casingl head ot an oil ivell or from the v piping` connected with the natural `gas wells or the drinn 1 may he connected to the pipin; iiroin a still or Waste gas line.

Spaced from the lower end of drinn l is a pipe or drinn 5 ot the same diameter as drinn 1 to torni a peripheral outlet 6 for the loiver end ot the centrifugal separator in the drain 1.' This peripheral outlet opens into a chamber 7 formed by Welding or securing in any approved manner a sleeve 8 ot larger diameter than the drinn lin such a Way that the upper end yof the sleeve is closed and seeuredto the drinn 1 While the loiver end oit" said sleeve is secured in close The bottoni. ot the cliainher 7 is higher at one vend than its other end` the loiver end being provided with an outlet Qin order to drain the centrifugally/ separatedgasoline vapors into a pipe 10. The loiver end of the druni 5 has a discharge outlet 11 which iscontrolled by a valve 12 and adapted to maintain the gas and oil vapors under pressure. The dry gas is permitted to escape troni the outlet 11 in quantities which is regulated by the valve 19'. The dry gas discharged troni the centrifugal separator 1k is used about the oil plant tor any purpose that inay he desirable.

The pipe 10 leads directly to the intake of a compressor 13 whereby ltilie vapors are withdrawn from the clian'ihe-r 7 and forced under pressure through conduit 14 into a second drinn l5 having a spiral track 16 -ed at lits llower end with the `filled;substantially with water. ynaustvp'assthrough a fine mesh screen 30 formed at the bottom ot the stand pipe vat adesired elevation. of the sulphur is removed by the washing in. member 29 before entering the last centriescape through the annular passage 17 y formed between the upper end ot the drinn l5 and the lower end ot drum 18.

The spaced ends of the drums are einbraced or enclosed by a casing 19 which is provided with openings through its upper andflowerends to receive the adjacent ends oi :the vdrums 115 and 18. The casing 19 r is welded or secured in lany approved manner to the vertically alined drums.- lThe -lowerend ot the bottom et the casing 19 -is .inclined and provided with lan opening 2011er the reception of one end of a pipe 21,the other end of the pipebeing passed lthrough the wall ot' a reservoir'22 and spaced `:from the bottoin'ot the reservoir to permit fthe-impuritiesseparated from the gases and vapors to be collected. A. pipe 23 connectreservoir 22 projects through the drinn 18 and terminates in anozzle at 24 acent the upper closed yend of said drum and adjacent its outlet Vwhichlis clamped to pipe 2da.

The pipe 2li@ -is connected with cooling coils 25 which are vertically disposed in the path ot an elongated troughl which is supplied with water. "The lower end of the troughlhas anarrow opening to permit a regulated llow otl water to tall upon the coils 25.

The aspirating eil'ect et the vapors and gases passing from the drum 18 into pipe 24a tends to causeV a withdrawal ot gases and uncondensed -vapors from the reservoir 22 through the pipe 28 and into the cooling 'coils 25. rlhe container 22 has a few ounces greater pressure than the chamber 18 and this also aids iii causing the gases and y"vapors in'cont-ainer 22 to be 'discharged into the cooling` coils 25.

The vapors and-gases in the coils are cooled tosubstantially atmospheric temperature andthen are passed through a pipe 28 ilntof'thebottom ota standpipe 29. whichis The vapors whereby they are broken up intominute particles so that the vapors will 'be thoroughly washed. as they reach the top and discharged into the connection S1 leading to a third centrifugal separator mounted 'in the drum 32.

The fpressure of the Avapors against Vthe head oi water in the pipe or drum 29 is suteient to maintainithe waterin said pipe The greater portion tugal separator.

The drum 82 contains a spiral 33 which causes gases to be carried downwardly and in a rotary motion to the lower end ot the drum where said drum is spaced from a sec- .ond drum ot' like diameter to provide an annular port 35 vfor ,permitting the condensed vapors which are now formed into gasolinetopass into a chamber 36 YFormed by providing a partition 37 between the walls ot fthe-drum 32 and an embracing drum The bottom oit chamber 'fis inclined :ind at lower end is `provided with an opening cn'ibraced by the inner end ot a discharge conduit 39. This conduit permits the gasoline, water and precipitated sulphur compounds to pass iiito a chamber l0 having an outlet pipe 41 Iprojecting into a water trap 42. This water trap, because or' the accumulation of the water which-is condensed troni the gas oil the vapors collecting in said reservoir, must be emptied every eight hours, 'otherwise the water would .lill in and back up yinto the gas pipe 43 and into vthe retrigerating chamber '-lr-lbetween lthe outer drum 38 and inner drum This waterwould freeze, dueto the low temperature-in the retrigerating chamber and injure the apparatus.

Floating upon the top ot the water in the storage 4tanli: 32 is `found vprecipitated sulphur compounds and a great quantity ot gasoline collects abo-ve the sulphur in the space designated by the numeral This gasoline is still under-pressure ot 120 pounds and as the'gasoline gradually fills into the storage tank, 4it rises in pipe r3 and is admitted to the chamber Ll-l-.thi'ougli the opening ot' an expansion valve 4G. then the gasoline under pressure is admitted to the chamber elflit is permitted to expand and dueto thislexpansion reduces the temperature to such an extentthat the vapors passing' through the drum 32 are chilled and the condensed and chilled heavier portions ofrtlieitluids collect upon the inner wallsoiE the drum and are carried downwardly and discharged throughgthe annularopening intothe chamber E36. The vapors and passing through the drinn 32 are exp ito'the cold condensed gasoline and impurities which have beenthrown `out by centrifugal 'force against the walls of the separator otthe drum 3a.

The gasoline from `the re'frigeiatingl chamber 44 passesthrough a connection Ll? into a chamber 48 formed between the .stand pipe or drum 29 and an embracing drum where it again is employed for chillingthe oilladen water inthe drum 29. :t pipe 5H connected with the chamber 49 carries the gasoline'to a storage tank 51 located at am,v convenient point around tbe oil plant.

The chan'iber Ll() has a valve connection with the lower end ot' the drum 32 where the il l) lower end ot' said drinn is connected with a discharge conduit 53. The dry gases from drum 32 pass through conduit 53 through conduit 54 to a casing` which embraces the pipe 28. The aspirating eliect ot the dry gases trom drum 32 passing` the mouth 50 of the connection 52 the Venturi tube 6() extends to withdraw any gases which may have escaped in the chainber 4.0.

The expanding gases in the casing` 55 aid in tiirther cooling` lie vapors and the gases after they have lett the cooling coils 25. The iiial waste gases are discharged through the outlet 5G and such gases are carried to any convenient point tor utilization as by burning iu the furnaces or lor heating boilers for the `generation of steam.

The lower end olf reservoir 42 is provided with a valve controlled discharge outlet 5S For draining 'the water and impurities which have collected in said reservoir.

'.lho valve 57 liornied in the pipe line 511C where said pipe Yis connected with the casing is adapted to maintain the pressure ot' the gases in the pipe and in all sections ot the system preceding said conduit. then the valve 57 is opened the gases under pressure are allowed to expand in the casing 55 and thereby aid in reducing the temperature ot the vapors passing through the conduit 2S.

It niust be borne in n'iind that it is desirable to provide a rotary motion in centrifugal separators in ordei` to cause the centrifugal action to discharge at all times in each separator the heavierv elements ot the tliiid along the walls ot the drum enclosing the separator and it is especially desirable to torni the spiral in such a manner as to avoid any eddying currents, otherwise the centritugal separation will not be properly ettected. A

In the centrifugal separator within drinn 32 the final separation and condensation of the gasoline vapors is had. lt is at this point that any gasoline vapors contained in the gases passing through such separator come into contact with the chilling surface of the drinn and the chilled hydrocarbon passing along the inner walls ot the drinn 32 and these vapors are'rotated under pressure all the gasoline that remains in, the gas is condensed and discl'iarged into the chamber 4l() together with precipitated sulphur compounds.

lt must be bore in mind that where the vapors entering the drinn l are not under pressure that some form or' pump may be ei'iiployed `t'or forcing the oilladen gases through the separatorl and in connection with the pump 3l the pressure is raised at tl'iis point to a pressure of not more than l2() pounds. rThe initial pressure of' the entering drum l is usually about 2U to pounds. f

and through the passage in` Referring more particularly to Figure 2 a centrifugal separator is shown adapted to be employed `tor the recovery of gasoline troni the vapors coming` from stills. In this device a plurality of drums 6l, 62 and 63 are disposed in vertical alinement and are separated from each other by the annular passages 64. Upon the lower end ot each drinn is integrally cast or welded a. casingI (353 ot larger diameter than the drinn (il. (S23 or (537 with the larger .end G6 ot each asing being mounted or secured in any approved manner to the upper adjacent ends ot the vertically alined drums. Each ot the lower ends of the casing` is provided with an enlarged chamber GG which are connected with an outlet 67. The lower end ot drinn G3 is spaced from a drum 68 to provide an annular passage 69 into the chamber formed hetween the casing (Strand the drum 68. will be noted that the discharge outlets 67 are located at various intervals along the height ot the separator so that theI oil. thrown out centrifugally towards the walls of the diiiin by the spiral 70 is withdrawn periodically. The spiral track 7() has its outer periphery in close contact with the inner Walls of the cli-unis 6l, 62 and G3 to prevent the vapors from discharging` past their edges. the drinn aids in ,supporting the spiral track in position.

An inlet 72 tangentially connected with the drinn. 61 is adapted to be connected with a pipe line upon the still for admitting thel oil vapors to the separator.

Ret'erring to Figure 4 a separator is shown for treating very lean gases such as natural gas which is adapted to be employed in place ot' the-usual absorption plant. In this device a drum 73 is concentrically disposed within anv outer drum 74- and has its lower end spaced 'from a drum 7 5 to provide an annular passage 76 Jfrom the drinn 73 to a chamber 77 formed between the lower end et the drinn 74k and the connected adjacent ends ot the drums 78 and 75. An annular battle 78 is located between the drums 73 and 7-t adjacent the lower end et drum 73. A spiral track 79 carried by a rod 8O is disposed'within the drinn 73 for causingl the oil laden gases to have a rotary motion when passing troni the inlet Sl to the discharge outlet 82.

The chamber 77 is connected by a conduit S3 with a reservoird which has a discharge outlet for the removal ot condensed gasoline. A battle S6 is disposed centrally of the reservoir 84C and has its lower end spaced from the bottoni of the reservoir which permits any gases which. have passed through pipe 83 to the reservoir to travel around said battle and enter a discharge conduit 85 which has its upper end 86 opening into the discharge outlet 82. The aspirat- A rod 7l mounted centrally in effect oit the gasesftromdrum 73 passing the discharge outletSG will; aid in causing Withdrawal of enygasestrom ther-reservoir 84. Thevdischarge pipe 82 is connected by a Vreturn'l'iend 87 to a chamber 88 formed betweentlie upper ends of the. drums 73 7and 7s to permit the learn gasesto enter the chamber 88 and coolthe drunr including'the centrivuggal separator 79. lThese rgssesare underpressure when leavingy the Vseparator and they enter the chamber SBthey eX- pand `t'or refrigeration purposes.

ri'release valve 89 having a stem 9() is adapted to maintain a predetermined degree ot pressure in the systen'i'through.l

ing

the lever ASlt andthe weight 92 whiclri's connectedto the valve stem 90. The dry gases' escape through the discharge outlet 93.

The coiistruction of the centrifugal 'separater in lfligure .issimiler to the, construction o'lithe separator in Figures l and 2 and the saine novel features oittliespiral track and the separated adjacent ends' or' the'pair ot drums 'tor forming an outlet for thcheavier portions of thegases or vapors is includede in the construction.

What I claim is:

l. An apparatus `of the class described comprising in combination, a centrifugal separator ednpted tolbe conneeted'to a source ot supply of oil laden gas, a pump connected with the outlet end of the separatorlornvitlidrawingr the condensed portions 'of' the; gases and for placing said portionsfand lean gases under z(greater pressure, a centrifugal separator connected -with the discharge'end ot the pump for receivingthe condensed portions and `gasesto cause separation of discoloring matter from the condensed -portions. cooling` coils connected with-the outlet o'tzthe second centrifugal lseparntoigfa vertically disposed drum connected with the cooling coils' in which a predetermined level o'l water is adapted to be maintei-ned'and through which the `condensed portions and the gases may be passed, a retrigereting chamber enclosing` the drum, s centrifugal separator connected totl'ie-topoltrthe drum, a retrigeratinp; chamber enibracingthe `last mentioned separator7 a'pipe connectingthe two `1etriggerating chambers,y a 'tank adapted to receive the condensedgasolineunder pres- Asui-er a velved connectionbetween the storage tank and the last mentioned refrigerating; chamber whereby the gasoline under pressure is pern'iitted to escape to and eX- pand inthe retrigerating chamber for cooling* the lost mentioned centrifugal Vseperator and `the drinn in which fthegases are washed.

An `:unparatus of the class described comprising` in combination, s centrifugal `separator adapted to be connected to a source of supply ot oil laden gas, means for releasingithe dry gases from the separator,

:disposed drum connected with the cooling coils5 in which a predetermined level et' water is :ad'z'tpted to be maintained and .through which the condensed portions and `the 2gases may be passed, means located in vthe bottom oit the drnrn'tor breaking' up the condensed portions into minute particles', e reti-igerating` chamber enclosing?,` theI drum,

la centrifugal separator connected to the top foi" the drum, a re'lirigeratiilgchamber embracing;` the last. mentioned seperntor, afpipe contre-sting); the two 'retrigeratinpj chambersA` a tank scripted to receive the condensed porions under pressnrefrom the lastfinentioned separator, a valvedconneetion between the storage tank and the 'last mentioned re t' jerating` chamber whereby :the gasoline under pressure is permitting to escape to and expand inthe rerigerating` chamber for cooling` the llast mentioned:centrifugal separator and the drum in .which the gases rind ccncensed portions-are washed.

An apparatus of' the class described compil-sing in con'ibination, a centrifugal separator `adapted to be connected to a source of supply oli-*oil laden ges, means 'tor releasing; thc dry gases troni the separator. a chamber yconnected `with the separator adapted to reeeivezthe condensed portion ot the gases and the 'remainder-'ot the ,gg-as. a

pump connected with the chamber tor withdrawing the condensed :portions and njas from said chamber and increasing the pressure on the condensed portionsand gas., a centrifugal separator connected with lthe discharge end ofthe pump'for receiving the condensed portions to cause further separation of said portionsvand'ga-ses, cooling' coils connectedwith the outlet o't the second centrifugal separator7 a vertically disposed drum connected with the cooling` coils in which a predetermined level oli' water is adapted to be maintained and through which the condensed portions and the gases may-be passed, a. lre'frig'erating chamber enclosingl the drum, acentrifugal separator connected to the top of the drum, s retrigerating chamber embracing'the :last mentioned `sermrator, a pipe conneetingthe two re trigerating chambers a tank adapted to receive the condensed Voil vapors under pressure a valved connection between the storage ytanl; and the lest mentioned retrigereting' chamber whereby the fluid gasoline product under lll() pressure is permitted to escape to and expand in the refrigerating chamber for cooling the last mentioned centrifugal separator and the drum in which the gases and condensed portions are washed.

4. In an apparatus of the class described comprising a pump for imparting a predetermined degree of pressure on oil laden gasesq a centrifugal separator connected with the discharge end of the pump for receiving the condensed portions of the gases to cause separation of impurities from the condensed portions, cooling coils connected with the outlet of the second centrifugal separator, a vertically disposed drum connected with the cooling coils in which a predetermined level of water is adapted to be maintained through which the condensed portions of the gases may be passed, a refrigerating chamber enclosing the drum, a centrifugal separator connected to the top of the drum, a refrigerating chamber embracing the last mentioned separator, a pipe connecting the two refrigerating chambers, a tank adapted to receive the condensed gasoline under pressure, a valved connection between the storage tank and the last mentioned refrigerating chamber whereby the compressed gasoline is permitted to escape to and expand in the refrigerating chamber for cooling the last mentioned centrifugal separator and the drum in which the condensed portions were washed.

5. In au apparatus of the class described comprising in combination means for condensing the heavier portions of oil laden gases, a pump for imparting a predetermined degree of pressureon said heavier portions and gases, cooling coils connected with the pump, a vertically disposed drum connected with the cooling coils in which a predetermined level of water is adapted to be maintained and through which the condensed portions and the gases may be passed, a refrigerating chamber enclosing the drum, aI centrifugal separator connected to the top of the drum, a refrigerating chamber embracing the last mentioned separator, a pipe connecting the two refrigerating chambers, a tank adapted to receive the condensed `gasoline under pressure, a valved connection between the tank and the last mentioned re- 'rigerating chamber whereby the compressed gasoline is permitted to escape to and expand in the refrigerating chamber for cool.- ing the last mentioned centrifugal separator and the drum in which the heavier portions of the gases were washed.

6. An apparatus of the class described comprising in combination, a. centrifugal .separator adapted to be connected to a source of supply of oil laden gas, a pump connected with the outlet end of the separator for withdrawing the condensed portions and limited quantity of gases and for placing the condensed portions and lean gases under greater pressure, a centrifugal separator connected with the discharge end of the pump for receiving said heavier portions and gases to cause separation of foreign matter from the gases, cooling coils connected with the outlet of the second centrifugal separator, a vertically disposed drum connected with the cooling coils in which a predetermined level of Water is adapted to be maintained and, a refrigerating chamber enclosing the drum, a centrifugal separator connected to the ltop of the drum, a refrigerating chamber embracing the last mentioned separator, a pipe connecting the two refrigeratingchambers, a tank adapted to receive the condensed gasoline under pressure, a valved connection between the tank and the last mentioned refrigerating chamber whereby the `compressed gasoline is permitted to escape to and expand in the refrigerating chamber for cooling the last mentioned centrifugal separator and the drum inwhich the clean gases and condensed portions are washed, a` casing enclosing the connection between the cooling coils and the vertically disposed drums, and means connecting the last mentioned separator with said casing for admitting lean gases from the chamber to expand in said casing for cooling the connection. l

7. In an apparatus ofthe class described, a centrifugal separator comprising a hollow drum closed at its upper end, a drum closed at its lower end and in vertical alinement wit-h the first mentioned drum and with the adjacent open ends of the drums spaced from each other to provide an annular passage therebetween, a spiral track located in the upper drum and projecting for a portion of its length into the lower' drum, and a second drum embracing the pair of alined drums and having its lower end inclined at an angle to the horizontal for aiding in the ready dischargebf the liquids from said drum.

8. In an apparatus of the class described, a centrifugal separator comprising a hollow drum closed at its upper end, a drum closed at its lower endvand in vertical alinement with the first mentioned drum and with the adjacent open ends of the drums spaced from each other to provide an annular passage therebetween, a spiral track located within the drums, a casing embracing the separated ends of the drums to provide a chamber to receive the fluids of heavier specific gravity which are separated from fluids of lighter specific gravity in the separator, the spiral track extending across the spaced ends of the alined drums whereby fluids thrown outwardly by the spiral track are discharged through the space between said drums.

9. In a device of the class described, a centrifugal separator, a casing surrounding a'condiiit' connectinpjthe discharge endotfv the separator with the casing,V a valve for 'controllingthe flow et; the condensed portions ofth'e gases` under Apressure :tronrtlie separator to ythecasing, said condensed portions.. adapted to expandyin the casing for cool-ing the separator.

10.111 a-device oiithe, class described, a vertically disposeddrum adapted to contain a.` predetermined'height ot water, a pump connected with said drum for forcingl oil ladeni gas throughthendriini, a casing einbracingrtlie, drum,V a centri'lfiigial separator connected with' :the drum, casing einbracing the separator and in communication withthe casingenclosingthe drum., a conf difiit connecting the discharge endof the separator, with the second mentioned casing `for permitting th'elseparated condensed portionsofthe gasesl under pressure fromY the Separator to, enter thecasings and expand for cooling, the vertically disposed drum and 'the separator,V

U1l.l Inadevic'e. ofth'e class described, a verticallydisposedfdriim adapted to contain a: predeterminedl height of water, a piii'np connected'withcsad'drum for forcing oil ladengas through tliedrum,` a4 casing` embracing, the druin ar centriiu gal separator connectediwith itlile drum, a casing' embracing ther sepallLQl and in communication with-the casingenclosin-ethe drum, a casinoyeinbracing the lower end of the sep,- Yatenand,'in communication with the separattuito,Y pio}.ji,cle,a chamber to receive the centrif"all7 Separated fluids. of heavier' speciticgravity, a; i-'eservoiig connected with sajc'lchlamher to, rece-ive condensed gasoline fronrthlc, separator, said separator beingprovided,1with'k aL discharge outlet, a valve' connection between the reservoir and the gas discharge outlety ofthe separator whereby the-,dischange ot' the ,cias troni the separatorhas; an aspiratino'- eil-ect upoii the valve connection for withdrawing lean gases from thereservoil.

12;I1`i a deif'iceeoi theclass described, a vertically disposed drum adapted to conf tain @predetermined height of water, a plliiip connected'with said drum for; forcing oildadeln gas through' the drum, a cas- DgimbleCngit-hedrum, aV centrifugal sep.- erator, connected with' the drum, acasng embraeingtheseparator and in` conimiinication witlrithe lcasing` enclosingthe` drum, a casingembracingwthe lower endet the separator andin communication with the sep.; arator to provideachamber tor'eceive the centriliiigally separated fluids of' heavier specil'icogravity, a reservoir connected with saidacliarnbertof receive the separated condensedgasol'ne. from, the separator, said separator being provided with a gas discharge outlet, a valve connection between to expand inthe chamber, 'formed between.

the casing'a-nd the separator for cooling the separator.

8; centrifugalseparator comprisingv a plurality o'fopen4 endedjdruius arranged in vertical alinement and having` their adjacent endsspaced from each other, ancnd of'each, drum being enlarged to iorm casing connected with the portion ot the adjacentend oi" another drum for forming a chamber enclosing the spaced ends of the driinis, a discharge outlet connected with each ot the casings an inlet'connected with the upper endv of the topmost drinn ttor admitting` oil laden-gases to the drums, and a spi-ral track disposed within the drums to cause` a whirling motion of thefgases passing' through the drums.

lei. In ari-'apparatus of'tlie class described comprising a vertically disposed drum, a spiral track` mounted' within the drum, the upper end of lthe drinn being` closed,I a second drum disposed in vertical alinenient with the lirst'mcntioneil drum-and having); its upper end spaced troni the adjacent endet the tirs( mentioned drinn indprovided with a discharge outlet,L the lower cudioii the second drinn'being'closcd7 a casing' siirroundinethe drums, a'balile located between the wall or" the ii'st mentioned d'ruiii and the casing;l l'oi isolating the vupper portion ot the chamber bctiifeen-'the drums andthe casing' i'roni the lower portion Voi?" the chamber ''ornicd bctween the drums andthe casing, a reservoir having' a centrallydispesedbai'llc depeiufl! iii-g; from the inner `tace o'li' the top, a condiiitconnecting the lowerchamb-e between the drums andthe casing's with the reservoiratoiie side offthe baille, a conduit counectino; the reservoir at the opposite sido oi the bafiie'withfthe lower end et the second drum adjacent'its discharge outlet, said discharge outlet being, connected with the upper chamber located between the rst mentionne drum and the casiiigforpermittingl the dry gases lronrthe separator to pass into said chamber and expand for cooling the sep-- arator.

i5. ln anapparatiis-ot the class described comprising a vertically disposed drinn a spiral track mounted within the drinn, upper endV oitlie drum. being closed, a seo- 3 the lot) ond drum disposed in vertical alinement with the first mentioned drinn and havingils upper end spaced from the adjacent end ot the irst mentioned drum and provided with a (ilisoharge outlet, the lower end oit the second drum being closed, a casing surrounding;l the drums, a baille located between the wall ot the first mentioned driunand the casing for isolating the upper portion ot the chamber between the drums and the casing' 'from the lower portion of the chamber formed between the drums and the casing, a reservoir havinga centrally disposed baille dcpendiiig from the inner lace o'l' the top, a conduit connecting the lower chamber between the drums and the casing with the reservoir at one side of the baille, a conduit connectingr the reservoir at the opposite side ol1 the baille with the lower end of the second drum adjacent its discharge outlet, said discharge outlet being connected with the upper chamber located between the first mentioned drum and the casing for permitting the dry gases from the separator to pass into said chamber and expand for cooling the separator, and a reliet valve in the connection between the separator and the upper chamber.

1G. In an apparatus of the class described comprising a vertically disposed drum, a spiral track mounted within the drum, the upper end of the drum being closed, a second drum disposed in vertical alinement with the first mentioned drum and having its upper end spaced from the adjacent end ot the first mentioned drum and provided with a discharge, outlet, the lower end of the second drum being closed, a casing surrounding the drums, a baille located between the wall of the th'st mentioned drum and the casing tor isolatingr the upper portion ot thel chamber between the drums and the casing;l trom the lower portion oi the chamber 'termed between the drums and the casing, a. reservoir, a conduit connectingthe. lower chamber between the drums and the easing with the reservoir, a conduit connecting the reservoir with the lower end of the second drum adjacent its discharge outlet, said discharge outlet being connected with the upper chamber located between the first mentioned drinn and the casing ttor permitting the dry gases it'rom the separator to pass into said chamber and expand Ator cooling th-c sepa.- rater.

17. A centrifugal reftriger-ating,` agitator con'il'irising a drum, one end of the drum being provided with an inlet tor liquids and gases under treatment, the other end being` provided with an outlet, a stationary, uniform and continuous spiral track consistingy of a plurality ot complete turns and extending the sul'istantially length of said drum, a collecting chamber tor the condensed liquids, a easing surrounding` the first menioned drum and provided with. inlet and outlet conduits for the admission and discharge, rcsijiectively, oit a suitable refrigerant.

18. ln a device ol` the class described, a vertically disposed drum adapted to contain a predetermined height ot water, a pump connected with the drum ttor forcing` water, gas and other liquids through said drum, a column mounted in the drum adapted to receive the water from the pump at the bottom of the column, a discharge opening at the upper end or the column, a casing embracing the drum, said casing being provided with inlet and outlet conduits for the circu- V lation ot a suitable refrigerant.

19. ln an apparatus ot the class described, a centrifugal separator, having a small internal diameter, comprising' a drum., one end of the drum being;` provided with an inlet for liquids and gases under treatment, the other end o't the drum having the interior of its. wall. beveled to an annular edge, a ,.econd drinn disposed in alinement with the first mentioned drum and having;` its end beveled along` its annular edge, said beveled end beingv spaced from the beveled end o't' the first drum to form au annular port,v a housing en'iln'acing said port and provided with a suitable outlet, the other end ot the second drum havinga suitable outlet, a sta tionary, continuous and symmetrical spiral track consisting oit a irilurality oit complete turns, .mounted within the first drum and extending); beyond the annular port `formed by thc spaced beveled ends of the two drums, a casing surrounding,` the first mentioned drum provided with inlet and outlets for the circlula-tion ot' a suitable refrigerant.

CHARLES lf. lll. 'lABLlQl-l. 

